Ideas about Journal-Style Scientific Writing

Ideas about Journal-Style Scientific Writing Writing a good scientific paper is a real challenge for the majority of writers. Indeed, there are lots of requirements and hidden problems associated with scientific writing. Sometime the content is good but a paper does not meet precise style requirements, or vice versa, it is writer as per certain formal requirements, however, presents little helpful information and research facts. Journal style writing is even more complex. In fact, failures in journal writing tasks are quite common, thus, it is important to consider several points, namely: Getting started Some people claim journal writing should start with making of an outline. However, many authors prove it is possible to make an outline in the end. Indeed, it is possible to write an “after-the-fact” outline. At the same time, this is an option for experienced writers with excellent research and writing skills. Do start with an outline of paper abstracts and sections if you are not seasoned in scientific writing. In case you refuse to write an outline from the very beginning, do create a list of major points and topics covered in the paper. Audience Journal writing is not about submitting a simple essay that only your friends will hopefully read. The article or research needs to have its audience. It is important to know your audience. Is the paper written for fellow authors, professors or maybe general audience? The content of your paper will depend on the audience. A paper for a narrow and strictly technical audience will contain precise tech info, figures, researches etc. Of course, you should not use any complex terms and definitions, if the journal article is written for a general audience. You will be just misunderstood. Style Do not forget this is scientific writing. Thus, it is imperative to avoid any colloquial expressions, such abbreviations as “don’t” or “can’t” etc. In fact, there is a list of requirements for scientific writing which you have to make yourself familiar with. Often, such requirements can vary depending on the discipline, however, the majority of rules and norms are pretty much the same. Research methods Writing a research in a scientific journal can be a daunting task. This is not like writing a 3-page personal essay. Everything written in an article should be based on a research. Even personal findings and opinions should be supported with scientific data. There are many types of scientific research, so you may choose any of them. Moreover, it is possible to combine various research methods, however, avoid blending them. You may include preliminary research results in the research methods section to motivate readers. Tables and Graphs Any scientific research becomes more understood and comprehensive if it is illustrated with graphs and tables. Sure, some scientific fields require more graphic info, while others may need a few tables. Anyway, it is great to have an appendix with graphs and tables that illustrate findings of the research. Numbers and stats Use of statistics is necessary in lots of researches, especially when it comes to industry, sociology, biology etc. Many researches are based on stats figures which are used in formulas or serve as a foundation of various hypotheses. However, be reasonable, since too many figures will hardly make a research readable and understood for your audience. Used materials and plagiarism Of course, it is impossible to write a scientific article without using someone else’s ideas (unless you are the new Einstein). Therefore, it is important to correctly cite all parts of texts and ideas belonging to other people. Luckily, it is not difficult to find style guides on the net. Bear in mind that plagiarism is intolerable in journal writing. In fact, plagiarism is intolerable everywhere. However, submitting a copied paper to your high school teacher and offering a plagiarized article to a scientific journal are wholly different things. If you get caught, forget about your scientific or academic career! So, make sure you use plagiarism detection tools and properly cite all sources of information. No grammar mistakes Well, this reminder may sound silly to you, but it is better to revise your paper before submitting it to the journal. Editors of scientific journals are very scrupulous and pedantic about mistakes. Thus, to keep a high profile reputation make sure the article contains no mistakes. The best option is to have someone else revise your paper. As known, when a person has been working on an article for a long time, he/she may not notice silly mistakes that are evident to other folks. It is better to take time and revise the paper 2-3 times, than to feel embarrassed afterwards. Know your goals Every publication has certain goals. Publishing for the sake of publishing is not a good idea. The research should impress readers or lay foundation for further, more detailed researches that will stun the scientific community.

The Courtship of Freyr and Gerd

The following story of Freyrs courtship by proxy of Gerd may be somewhat frustrating for modern readers. One day while Odin was away, the Vanir god Freyr sat on his throne, Hlithskjalf, from which he could look out upon the whole of the 9 worlds. As he looked upon the land of the giants, Jotunheim, he noticed a beautiful house owned by the sea giant Gymir into which a lovely young giantess entered. Freyr became sad obsessing about the young giantess, whose name was Gerd, but he wouldnt tell anyone what he was brooding about; perhaps because he didnt want to admit that he had been sitting on the forbidden throne; perhaps because he knew the love between giants and Aesir was taboo. Since Freyr wouldnt eat or drink, his family grew worried but were afraid to talk with him. In time, his father Njord summoned Freyrs servant Skirnir to find out what was going on. Skirmir Tries to Court Gerd for Freyr Skirnir was able to extract the information from his master. In return, Freyr extracted a promise from Skirnir to woo Gymirs daughter Gerd for him and gave him a horse that would go through the magic ring of fire surrounding Gymirs home and special sword that fights giants on its own. After a minimal number of obstacles, Gerd gave Skirnir an audience. Skirnir asked her to say she loved Freyr in exchange for precious gifts. She refused, saying she had enough gold already. She added that she could never love a Vanir. Skirnir turned to threats. He carved runes on a stick and told Gerd he would send her to the frost ogre realm where she would pine for both food and a mans love. Gerd conceded. She said she would meet with Freyr in 9 days. The servant returned to tell Freyr the excellent news. Freyrs response was impatience, and so the story ends. The story of Freyr and Gerd (or Gerda) is told in Skirnismal (Skirnirs Lay), from the poetic Edda, and in a prose version in Gylfaginning (Deception of the Gylfi) in the Edda by Snorri Sturluson. Source: The Withdrawal of the Fertility God, Annelise Talbot Folklore, Vol. 93, No. 1. (1982), pp. 31-46.

The Prevalence Of The American Dream Essay - 1327 Words

Introduction Suicide is a rising issue in today s society. Studies show that suicide has become the third leading cause in death in America (Litwiller, Brausch 2013). There are many factors that play a part in suicide, but the main components that are going to be discussed in this proposal is climate, gender, and bullying . Researchers have been doing studies on suicide for years. There are approximately 3,000 suicides per day and taken from the World Health Organization the rate of suicide has increased over 60% in the past forty five years (Jalles and Andresen 2014). With our forever changing society it’s easier for people to find the negative in situations. The prevalence of the American dream is coming to a close with factors such as, major corporation layoffs, global warming, changing in gender responsibilities and one of the substantial change of this generation is the pressure of social media, making more negative outlooks than uplifting the community. According to Ha mermesh and Soss an individual has a certain perceived level of happiness and if they fall below that line, one will commit suicide (Jalles and Andresen 2014). Review of Literature Climate Socio-economical factors such as meteorological variables, temperature, rainfall and even the amount of sunshine can affect moods and feelings about situations, including playing a part in suicide (Xin, Wenbiao, et al. 2015). So referring back to one of the variables, sunshine, scientists have proven thatShow MoreRelatedJazz Music in the Great Gatsby Essay953 Words   |  4 Pagessees a common theme of corruption of the American Dream. In the 1920’s, the times are changing in America and morals are becoming looser and the lifestyle of the wealthy is more careless. New fashion, attitude, and music is what nicknamed this era the â€Å"Jazz Age,† greatly influencing Fitzgerald’s writing. He created similarities between many things in pop culture and the journey his characters Gatsby, Daisy, Tom, and Myrtle are taking to achieve the American dream. Through the use of the lively, yet scandalousRead MorePrevalence Of Overweight And Obesity Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight/obesity among parents of children entering childhood obesity treatment and to evaluate changes in the parents’ weight during their child’s treatment (Trier, 2016). The study included the parents of 1,125 children and adolescents (aged 3-22) who were enrolled in a children obesity treatment program. They began by taking the heights and weights of the children and the BMI scores were calculated. After 2.5 years of treatment, theRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1093 Words   |  5 Pagesby F. Scott Fitzgerald, has been celebrated as one of the greatest, if not the greatest American novel. Yet this is sudden for the overall population, which has so hailed the book, is unequivocally that which is rebuffed all through it. Politically, the American dream was a foundation of guidelines and trusts for any and every American single individual. Especially, one of the convictions was an Amer ican dream free of class refinement; that every individual has the opportunity to be whomever theyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby and the American Dream1401 Words   |  6 PagesThe Real American Dream Since its institution, the United States has been revered as the ultimate land of ceaseless opportunity. People all around the world immigrated to America to seek quick wealth, which was predominately seen in the new Modern era. Beginning in the late 1800s to the early 1900s, the period introduced progressive ideas into society and the arts. 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The famous fashion designer Tommy Hilfiger once said, â€Å"The road to success is not easy to navigate, but with hard work, drive and passion, it’s possible to achieve the American Dream. The big question is, In today s society, with its elite layer of upper-class taxpayers and overpopulated corporations, does the concept of the American Dream remain viable for all citizens of the United States? The past and present models of the American Dream haveRead MoreThe, The Glass Castle By Jeannette Walls, And Flight By Sherman Alexie1441 Words   |  6 Pages to be a picture perfect family, and to be happy; these are the traits of the American dream. Although, in one s mind a specific picture forms when reading about the American dream this does not mean everyone is seeing the same landscape. A prevalent theme in The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, The Glass Castle by Jeannette Walls, and Flight by Sherman Alexie is the potency and prevalence of diversity on the American dream. In each of these compelling works, connoisseurs get a taste of life from differentRead MoreDeath Of A Salesman By Arthur Miller1250 Words   |  5 Pageswork, drive and passion, it’s possible to achieve the American Dream. The big question is, In today s society, with its elite layer of upper-class taxpayers and overpopulated corporations, does the concept of the American Dream remain viable for all citiz ens of the United States? In playwright Arthur Miller s story, Death of a Salesman, written in postwar 1949, the protagonist Willy Loman wants nothing more than to live the American Dream. His insatiable hunger for wealth causes him to prioritizeRead MoreEffects of Communication Technology on American Society1757 Words   |  7 PagesAs a postmodern society, America faces many and new challenges every day. The unstoppable development of technology that has credited us as a powerful country seems to be impacting the American society in more than just a positive way. As our country evolve and develop new and more amazing technologies, the social interactions tend to decrease. The traditional interactions of people in the society have increasingly been affected by the new technologies to the point that what we used to consider normalRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Watchmen And Jimmy Corrig The Smartest Kid On Earth1669 Words   |  7 Pagesas cultural representations of idealism and the American Dream. However, representations of heroism in comic books has shifted significantly since the bright-eyed idealism and Romanticism of the Golden Age. In the Modern Age of comic publishing, contemporary comics tend to appropriate, adapt, and deconstruct tropes from the Golden and Silver Age of comics. Ultimately, contemporary comics end up producing a corrupted image of the idealized American Hero. Watchmen and Jimmy Corrigan: The Smartest Kid

The Reign Of The Holy Roman Empire - 1458 Words

On Christmas day of 800 A.D., Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne the Holy Roman Emperor. This pivotal, but not necessarily wanted, moment in the history of the Catholic Church set up a precedent for very strong relations between the Holy Roman Emperor and the papacy. During the eleventh century, with the Holy Roman Emperor ruled by Henry IV, relations with the papacy came to a front over several disagreement between Henry IV and Pope Gregory VII. Their arguments mainly focused on the power that each institution should hold. Gregory felt that the papacy should play a larger political role in the western church and that lay investiture was against the will of God. Henry was conservative and did not want Rome intruding any more on his rule of the Holy Roman Emperor and accused Gregory of being a usurper and a fraud. In the midst of this argument, Gregory released various decrees, known as the Dictatus Papae, which greatly increased the power of the Papacy while reducing that of the Holy R oman Empire. The mere fact that Gregory felt the need to issue these decrees, in combination with the harsh reaction of Henry IV and the Bishops of Germany, prove that the papacy did not have â€Å"effective authority† over the Western church and institution. The imposition of the Gregorian reforms alone and the Pope’s defense of them show how the papacy was not an institution of great authority in the Western church and lacked command among its constituents. The Gregorian reforms were not, as theShow MoreRelatedCharlemagne Or Charles The Great1525 Words   |  7 Pages‘Father of Europe’, Charlemagne reigned as King of the Franks (768-814) and became the first Holy Roman Emperor (800-814). 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The medieval era is split up into three sections; early Middle Ages (400-900 CE), High Middle Ages (900-1250 CE) and the late Middle Ages (1250-1500 CE). Medieval Europe was a time of key advancement in society and a period where a distinct cultural unit emerged. This was influenced by different ideas, people and events such as the contact between different groups and societies. The early Roman Empire reached its peak in the year 117Read MoreRoman Cinema And The Roman Empire951 Words   |  4 Pages The Roman citizens experienced a mental shift through their leaders creating a new type of theatrical arts. Romans created religious festivals and other forms of theatrical entertainment (Ludi such as chariot races and fights between men or gladiators. Constantine professed Christianity in the Roman Empire creating Rome to become a Christian empire. Through this adaptation we see theatre change through the influence of society through Christianity. Although Constantine did not create this mental

Naturalism in Stephen Cranes the Open Boat free essay sample

Naturalism in Stephen Crane’s â€Å"The Open Boat† 1. What philosophical values, if any, are presented or advocated by Stephen Crane in the story? ** In Stephen Crane’s short story â€Å"The Open Boat† we are able to see the views of Crane concerning Naturalism. Throughout his story, Crane presents to us the idea that nature and the universe are both impassive and uncaring about humankind.An example of this idea would be when Crane states in the story: â€Å"When it occurs to a man that nature does not regard him as important, and that she feels she would not maim the universe by disposing of him†¦Any visible expression of nature would surely be pelleted with his jeers. † He makes it clear that it is our own duty to survive and not depend on nature and/or the universe because both of them have â€Å"no sense of obligation† to us. He also makes the point that nature is unconquerable and the best thing to do is fight your way through it and not against it. We will write a custom essay sample on Naturalism in Stephen Cranes the Open Boat or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Crane believed that continual pride and relying on each other could ultimately save us in the end. 2. How are heroism and courage defined in this story? ** I believe that Stephen Crane made it a point in his story not to play up the idea of heroism. As in â€Å"War is kind†, he criticizes the idea of a romantic hero because it is our duty to do whatever we need to in order to survive. On the other hand, I believed that Crane may have defined courage as being brave and having the guts to fight for survival. . Explain how the narrator’s concentration on his senses, such as seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting, touching, smelling, create the feeling of immediacy in the story. ** If Crane had not concentrated on his senses such as seeing, hearing, feeling, etc†¦ I do not believe that the story would have made as great of an impact. It was through his descriptions that I was able to imagine myself in the setting. I felt as if I were there because of the vivid descriptions and concentration on senses.An example of this would be when he describes the motions of the sea as â€Å"rising and falling†, â€Å"huge and rolling†, and others were like â€Å"little swells. † 4. Like â€Å"The Open Boat† Winslow Homer’s painting â€Å"The Gulf Stream† treats the theme of survival at sea. Compare Homer’s treatment of this theme with Crane’s treatment. ** It almost seems as though Homer’s treatment is simply to sit back and let nature take control of destiny. In his painting, we are able to see the tragic end of the unlucky sailor. On the other hand, Crane’s treatment is not giving up and struggling to survive through constant persistency.In his story, the characters never gave up and continued their struggle towards survival, unlike the sailor in Homer’s painting. 5. Explain how the characters’ reactions to their struggle at sea are archetypal or universal. Treat each character individually. ** Steven Crane’s story includes four major characters- the captain, the oiler, the correspondent, and the cook. The captain is described as being somewhat pessimistic and indifferent; the oiler is described as being physically strong; the correspondent is described as being a keen observer and the cook is quite comical. As a whole, I believe that the characters’ reactions to their struggles at sea were both typical and atypical. There are many people who would continue to fight if put in their situation and there would be many who would give up. The captain reaction to the struggle at sea was quite pessimistic which may be expected since his ship had already sunk once. The oiler, the correspondent, and cook were all hard-working during the struggle at sea, which I believe would be archetypal because of their persistency in not giving up.

Accounting Solutions Essay Example

Accounting Solutions Paper An analyst may perhaps or not observe that this probable indicates that Intel is an enormous power customer and therefore if an analyst considers that power prices will raise, it will affect Intel. C. What type of audit opinion was given for the financial statements and the internal financial controls Of Intel? Explain the key items discussed in the audit reports. The audit opinion avgas clean meaning no exceptions. That is, the financial reports are equally itemized in accordance With GAP and the systems f controls surrounding the financial reporting are working as designed. . Read the management Discussion and analysis MDA). Discuss whether the items that should be addressed in the MDA are included. Support your answer with examples from the Intel MDA Yes, the MDA has the main parts needed. The MDA comprises a synopsis of the financial results, dialogue about strategy, critical accounting estimates, investments, taxes, inventory, accounting changes, results of operations by segment and margins, and restructuring charges. The concussion contains the business outlook, the use of fair values, but I didnt discover the section on business risk. Id not locate it after checking to see it. E. After reading the MD, discuss the future prospects of Intel. Dowdy have any concern? If so, describe those concerns. The projections look very decent. We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Solutions specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Accounting Solutions specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer They have firm outcomes and a strategy that makes clear logic given the market. The thing dont know about and would be concerned about is the competition, My biggest concern is; what if Microsoft wants to make devices? Intel is equally reliant on computer creators currently. External dangers are not deliberated that much because Intel cannot control it or recognize too much about it. The discussion is more about internal actions and back-ward looking financial outcomes. Case 2. 1 Intel Case www. Praiseworthiness. Com/Fraser. Using the annual report, answer the following questions: Prepare a common-size balance sheet for Intel for all years presented. A. Describe the types of assets Intel owns. Which assets are the most significant to the company? Using the notes to the financial statements, discuss the accounting methods used to value assets. What other information can be learned about the asset accounts from the notes? Have there been significant changes to the asset structure from 2009 to 2010? They possess cash, investments, receivables, inventory, long-lived assets and goodwill. Approximately a third to the assets are property, plant and equipment (PEP). The PEP is depreciated using straight line method over 2 to 4 years for machinery and equipment and 4 to 40 years tort buildings. They get the most out to interest in long-lived assets they build themselves. Per footnote within the chapter, many of the short ND long-term investments are valued at their fair values. There is wide data about valuations and whether the revaluations are recurring or nonrecurring, There have not been broad changes in benefit structure. The only immense modification is in short term investments (please see excel spreadsheet). B. Analyze the accounts receivable and allowance accounts, c. Describe the types of liabilities Intel has incurred. Which liabilities are the most significant to the company? Have there been significant changes to the liability and equity structure from 2009 to 2010? The most substantial debt is vendor accruals (AP and accrued items) and long term debt. There has not been a key change from 2009 to 2010 (please see excel spreadsheet). Equity is greater since they distributed some common stock and had earnings (increased RE). D. Describe the commitments and contingencies of Intel. Please note 29 on contingencies describe a number of legal proceedings for which the outcome is uncertain, e, under which classification(s) are deferred taxes listed? What item is the most significant component of deferred taxes? As mentioned in Note B, deferred taxes are list below present assets, encounter assets, and nonoccurrence liabilities. Share-based compensation is the biggest component of deferred taxes. F, What equity accounts are included on the balance sheet of Intel? Preferred stock, common stock, other comprehensive income and retained earnings. 2. I g, prom the following accounts, prepare a balance sheet for Chester Co. For the current calendar year. Chester Co. Balance Sheet at December 31, 2013 Assets Current Assets Cash $1,500 Accounts receivable 6,200 Inventory 12400 prepaid expenses Total Current Assets $20,800 Property, plant and equipment 34,000

Don DeLillos Videotape Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, Copywriters

Don DeLillos Videotape Essays - Guggenheim Fellows, Copywriters Byron Williams 9/21/11 Critical Analysis Essay 1 Alexander Don DeLillos Videotape: The Attractiveness of Death among Humans At a point in our lives, we are introduced to death in an informal or a formal way. Everyone understands that people will die in our lifetimes. Often after death is viewed first-hand, we interpret this aspect of life as finalization of everything for the once living soul. You use memories to stimulate bond-tightening moments, but the same memories can also paralyze you. The numbness we feel when thinking about death will erode into peace and acceptance, but were forever scarred. Instantly, our attraction to death and how it takes place is heightened. .The attraction to death is focused upon the death of others who we know, if anything, little of. The end of an unfamiliar person is sadly a time when grief does not fall upon us in an extreme way. The grief is replaced by a sense of us having to know what happened and how. In DeLillos Videotape, he insures this claim with his paragraph structure, vivid descriptions of the emotions when viewing a videotape, and repetitive showing and viewing of the recorded death. He keeps many of the paragraphs between four and seven lines allowing us to gather a lot of information in small quantities, keeping readers on their toes. Also the occasional use of words like crime and victim hint at something bad, satisfying the human thirst for maliciousness. Finally, with each party in the story being obsessed with the video, it underlines our inability to look away from something that we know would crush our spirits if we knew who it happened to. DeLillo starts numerous paragraphs with the phrase You know about Using these three words, he taps into our thoughts of whatever he mentions next. This makes us more likely to agree with what he says, as we have almost all experienced it. In one paragraph DeLillo writes You know how families make up games and in another, mentions how You know about holidays and family celebrations and how somebody shows up with a camcorder He is fulfilling our desire to know as much as possible, just as the people in the story were analyzing the video so meticulously. DeLillo himself analyzed the video as if we were watching it personally, using phrases like the sputtering black-and-white tones, the starkness and wagging a handthat makes you like him. Finally, DeLillo controls our mental actions to a certain extent. It is evident that he imposes his will upon us in one of the paragraphs reading And you keep on looking. You look because this is the nature of the footage, to make a channeled path throu gh time, to give things a shape and a destiny. In the 3rd paragraph, the opening sentences read You know about families and their video camerasThey investigate the meaning of inert objects and they poke at family privacy. This paragraph serves to make us reach for our experiences with these instruments. He forges emotion that we feel when video cameras are on, or in use by, ourselves. DeLillos subject is the nature of the tape. He describes this nature in the statement superreal, or maybe underrealIt is what lies at the scraped bottom of all the layers you have added another reason why you keep on looking. So by striking a relationship between superreal or underreal (nature of the tape) aspects and surreal (feelings of morbidity) aspects, we are given a new way to look at our supposed obsession of death. Even the little girl is described to have been obsessed with what took place while she was recording. DeLillo writes head-shot, and the camera reacts, the child reactsthere is a jolting movement but she keeps on tapingshe keeps the camera trained on the subject as he slides into the dooras you see him die. He introduces the idea of human beings being prematurely attracted to death, even during a fictional shocking event like the one described. DeLillo forces us to analyze why death can cause so much pain but attract so much attention to a certain degree, through the use of extremity. And becoming emotionally attached to what is going on, we are mentally placed in, and obsessed